Cats become infected after direct contact with another animal who has the virus. The rabid animal spreads the virus through their saliva during a bite. The virus then multiplies at the site of the bite and travels along the cat's nerves to the brain and spinal cord, causing significant damage.
``Rabies in cats is extremely rare. According to the CDC, domestic animals, including pets, accounted for only 7.6% of reported rabies cases in the US in 2015, the last year for which statistics were available. There has not been a single confirmed case of cat-to-human rabies in the US in the past 40 years.
Rabies is transmitted through saliva, so fortunately the chances of contracting rabies from a cat scratch are low. The only chance that it might be spread through a scratch is when scratching is accompanied by hissing and biting, which can aerosolize and transmit the virus to another individual.
In the first or prodromal stage, there is a marked change in temperament; quiet cats become agitated and can become aggressive, while active extroverts may become nervous or shy. This phase is then followed by so-called furious rabies, which is the most recognizable form seen in the cat.
Though people may mostly associate rabies with dogs, it's a virus that can affect any mammal — including cats. In fact, rabies affects more cats than dogs in the United States. The virus can be passed on to other animals or humans and is fatal if not treated before symptoms appear.
Over 70% of cases are recorded in dogs, followed by cats and ruminants [1, 2]. Occasional cases in wildlife species have been recorded. Surveillance and data collection for rabies is carried out by eight Veterinary Research and Control Institutes that cover the 81 administrative provinces within the country.
There is no time limit regarding the administration of PEP after an exposure. In this case it is still appropriate to initiate PEP. Administration of both human rabies immune globulin (HRIG) and four doses of rabies vaccine is recommended regardless of the time elapsed since the exposure.
If a dog, cat, bat, or other mammal you might suspect has rabies has bitten you, get to the doctor. The first dose of the vaccine should be administered within the first 24 hours after exposure.
Rabies can't go through unbroken skin. People can get rabies only via a bite from a rabid animal or possibly through scratches, abrasions, open wounds or mucous membranes in contact with saliva or brain tissue from a rabid animal.
Approximately 50% to 80% of cat bites become serious enough to warrant medical attention. A person may experience pain, swelling, and inflammation around the wound within 24–48 hours after the bite. An older 2013 study states that P. multocida can frequently cause cellulitis and abscesses.
Because you cannot test an animal for rabies, pet parents in this position are forced to choose between two options - to euthanize their sweet cat or to quarantine the pet and wait for symptoms to appear. Pets that are quarantined are unlikely to survive even if they do not show symptoms initially.
However, if an exposed cat is up to date on the rabies vaccine, another vaccine dose can be given before symptoms begin to try to prevent the infection. More steps, such as quarantine of the cat, would be based on state law. However, this is not always effective, and some cats may still get the disease.
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