3 A negative ANA test on HEp-2 substrate usually means that there is no significant detection of IgG ANA (in the nucleus) at a specified dilution of serum – usually 1:80 to 1:160. There is a move to also classify positive cytoplasmic and mitotic staining of the HEp-2 substrate as ANA positive.
A positive test for ANA may help determine the specific type of autoimmune disease that is affecting a patient. A negative test for ANA can assist health care providers by decreasing the likelihood that a patient's symptoms are caused by an autoimmune disease.
While the ANA test is highly sensitive for certain rheumatic diseases such as SLE and systemic sclerosis/scleroderma, a negative result doesn't exclude a wide range of other conditions including rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthropathies, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and vasculitides.
The method of ANA detection was optimized by using the immortal HEp-2 cell line derived from a human larynx epidermal carcinoma. The use of the HEp-2 cells substrate in IIF increased the sensitivity of the autoantibodies detection and contributed to diagnosis of systemic autoimmune diseases and description of new ones.
Prior studies have reported that ANA-negative AIH patients showed more acute presentations and higher frequencies of histologic acute hepatitis compared to those with positive autoimmune serology.
3 A negative ANA test on HEp-2 substrate usually means that there is no significant detection of IgG ANA (in the nucleus) at a specified dilution of serum – usually 1:80 to 1:160. There is a move to also classify positive cytoplasmic and mitotic staining of the HEp-2 substrate as ANA positive.
If these tests come back negative, but the patient is experiencing the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, this is considered 'seronegative rheumatoid arthritis'. (An estimated 20% of RA patients are seronegative.) Although, either test (RF or anti-CCP) can still come back as positive when RA is not present.
Well, studies have indeed shown that there is a correlation between high-stress levels and an increased likelihood for positive ANA tests, indicating autoantibodies positivity among patients. This can be particularly significant when dealing with conditions like lupus where the antigen response is crucial.
ANA test results are most often reported in 2 parts: the level or titer and the pattern. Titres are reported in ratios, most often 1:40, 1:80, 1:160, 1:320, and 1:640. Some, but not all labs will report a titre above 1:160 as positive.
The ZEUS IFA ANA HEp-2 Test System is designed for the qualitative and semi-quantitative detection of antinuclear antibodies. This test system is intended to aid in determining SLE and differentiating clinically similar connective tissue disorders, and is for in vitro diagnostic use.
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