EPS stands for extrapyramidal symptoms, which are also referred to as drug-induced movement disorders. EPS is a common adverse effect when taking agents that block dopamine receptors. 15 Its symptoms can include parkinsonism, dystonia, and akathisia. How can I manage my extrapyramidal symptoms?
They include movement dysfunction such as dystonia (continuous spasms and muscle contractions), akathisia (may manifest as motor restlessness), parkinsonism characteristic symptoms such as rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), tremor, and tardive dyskinesia (irregular, jerky movements).
Frequent manifestations include laryngospasm, cramps, and pain, usually involving the head, neck and back musculature, or associated with oculogyric crises (Masi and Liboni, 2011).
It notes that some dopamine antagonists can cause metabolic disturbances, such as weight gain and hyperglycemia. Movement disorders, such as Parkinsonism and tardive dyskinesia, are also common side effects. Moreover, some dopamine antagonists can have cardiac effects, such as QT prolongation and torsades de pointes.
Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) are a group of side effects that occur due to the use of certain medications, particularly antipsychotic drugs. These symptoms affect the motor system and can include involuntary movements, muscle stiffness, and tremors.
Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) are serious side effects that can develop after taking certain antipsychotic medications. They can affect your motor control and coordination. EPS can take several forms, including tardive dyskinesia. Tardive dyskinesia causes uncontrollable facial movements.
Common Adverse Effects
Anticholinergic effects include increased body temperature, dry mouth, drowsiness or sedation, constipation, and urinary retention. Other common adverse effects of haloperidol include sedation, weight gain, erectile dysfunction in males, and oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea in females.
Parkinson's disease is a disorder of the extrapyramidal system. Other diseases causing extrapyramidal disorders, with the exception of Parkinson's disease, are called atypical parkinsonism or parkinsonism plus.
Causes of EPS
The primary cause of EPS is the use of certain medications, particularly first-generation antipsychotics such as haloperidol and chlorpromazine. These medications block dopamine receptors in the brain, disrupting the regulation of motor function and coordination and resulting in the development of EPS.
Anticholinergic agents are a first-line treatment for drug-induced EPS, followed by amantadine. ECT is one of the most effective treatments for EPS.
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